Eye Pressure Explained: What You Need to Know

Understanding Intraocular Pressure and Eye Health

Eye pressure, also known as intraocular pressure (IOP), plays an important role in maintaining the shape and health of the eye. While many people have heard of eye pressure, few understand its connection to glaucoma and vision loss.

What Is Eye Pressure?

The eye continuously produces and drains a clear fluid called aqueous humor. When production and drainage remain balanced, eye pressure stays within a healthy range.

If fluid builds up, pressure inside the eye may increase.

Why Is Eye Pressure Important?

Elevated eye pressure can damage the optic nerve, which carries visual information from the eye to the brain.

This damage is a major risk factor for glaucoma.

Symptoms of High Eye Pressure

In most cases, elevated eye pressure causes no symptoms.

This is why glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight."

In severe cases, symptoms may include:

• Eye pain

• Headaches

• Blurred vision

• Halos around lights
  

Risk Factors

Factors that increase risk include:

• Age over 40

• Family history of glaucoma

• Diabetes

• High blood pressure

• Long-term steroid use
  

How Is Eye Pressure Measured?

Eye specialists use a painless test called tonometry to measure intraocular pressure.

Regular eye exams allow doctors to monitor changes over time.

Can High Eye Pressure Be Treated?

Yes. Treatment options include:

• Prescription eye drops

• Laser procedures

• Surgery

Early treatment can help prevent optic nerve damage.

Conclusion

Eye pressure is an important indicator of eye health. Because elevated pressure often develops without symptoms, regular eye examinations remain the best way to detect problems early and protect your vision.